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✲. Education of Women (여성의 교육) ✲

The difference between the Biblical and the Quranic conceptions of women is not limited to the newly born female, it extends far beyond that. Let us compare their attitudes towards a female trying to learn her religion. The heart of Judaism is the Torah, the law. However, according to the Talmud, "women are exempt from the study of the Torah."

여성에 대한 성경과 꾸란의 개념 차이는 새로 태어난 여아에 한정되지 않고 훨씬 그것을 뛰어 넘습니다. 그녀들의 종교에 대해서 배우려고 하는 여성들에 대한 태도를 비교해 봅시다. 유대교의 심장은 토라, 법입니다. 그러나 탈무드에 따르면, "여성에게는 토라에 대한 공부(연구)가 면제입니다."

Some Jewish Rabbis firmly declared "Let the words of Torah rather be destroyed by fire than imparted to women", and "Whoever teaches his daughter Torah is as though he taught her obscenity"8

몇 몇 유대 랍비는 "토라를 여성에게 넘기느니 불태워지는 것이 낫다", "누군가 딸에게 토라를 가르친다면 그는 그녀에게 음담패설을 가르치는 것과 같다"고 단호히 선언하였습니다.

The attitude of St. Paul in the New Testament is not brighter:
신약의 성 바울의 태도 또한 밝지 않습니다:

"As in all the congregations of the saints, women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission as the law says. If they want to inquire about something, they should ask their own husbands at home; for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in the church." (I Corinthians 14:34-35)

"모든 성도의 교회에서와 같이, 여성들은 교회에서 조용할지라. 그들은 말하는 것이 허락되지 아니했나니, 오직 율법에 순종할지라. 만약 그들이 무엇인가를 질문하려거든, 집에서 자신의 남편에게 물을 것이요; 여자가 교회에서 말함은 수치스러운 것이라."(고린도전서 14:34-35)

How can a woman learn if she is not allowed to speak? How can a woman grow intellectually if she is obliged to be in a state of full submission? How can she broaden her horizons if her one and only source of information is her husband at home?

그녀들이 말하는 것이 허락되지 않았다면 여성들은 어떻게 배울 수 있을까요? 그녀에게 오직 순종만이 가득하다면, 어떻게 여성이 지적으로 성장할 수 있을까요? 그녀의 하나 뿐인 정보의 출처가 집에서의 남편이라면, 어떻게 그녀의 시야를 넓힐 수 있을까요?

Now, to be fair, we should ask: is the Quranic position any different? One short story narrated in the Quran sums its position up concisely. Khawlah was a Muslim woman whose husband Aws pronounced this statement at a moment of anger: "You are to me as the back of my mother." This was held by pagan Arabs to be a statement of divorce which freed the husband from any conjugal responsibility but did not leave the wife free to leave the husband's home or to marry another man. Having heard these words from her husband, Khawlah was in a miserable situation.

이제, 공정하게 우리도 물어봐야 합니다: 꾸란의 자세는 무엇이 다를까? 꾸란에서 설명하는 한 짧은 이야기는 이 모든 것을 간결하게 정리합니다. 무슬림 여성인 카울라의 남편 Aws는 화가 날 때 마다 "당신은 나에게 어머니의 몸과 같습니다."라고 말하는 사람이었습니다. 이 말은 아랍 이교도가 부부간에 남편으로서의 책임을 지지 않고 이혼을 하는 방법이었습니다. 하지만 그들은 그들의 부인을 남편의 집에서 나가거나 다른 남자와 결혼하도록 허락하지 않았습니다. 남편으로부터 이런 말을 들은 카울라는 비참한 상황에 놓이게 되었습니다.

She went straight to the Prophet of Islam to plead her case. The Prophet was of the opinion that she should be patient since there seemed to be no way out. Khawla kept arguing with the Prophet in an attempt to save her suspended marriage. Shortly, the Quran intervened; Khawla's plea was accepted. The divine verdict abolished this iniquitous custom. One full chapter (Chapter 58) of the Quran whose title is "Almujadilah" or "The woman who is arguing" was named after this incident:

그녀는 곧장 선지자를 찾아갔습니다. 선지자께서는 어떠한 해결 방법도 없을 때 까지 인내해야 한다고 하였습니다. 그녀는 계속해서 선지자와 그녀 자신의 결혼생활을 중지시켜달라고 논쟁을 하였습니다. 머지않아, 꾸란이 이를 조정하고, 그녀의 청원은 받아들여졌습니다. 신의 결정은 이 부당한 관습을 철폐하였습니다. '알-무자딜라', 즉 '논쟁하는 여성의 장'이라는 이름이 붙은 꾸란의 58장은 이 사건이 있은 후에 지어진 이름입니다.

"Allah has heard and accepted the statement of the woman who pleads with you (the Prophet) concerning her husband and carries her complaint to Allah, and Allah hears the arguments between both of you for Allah hears and sees all things...." (58:1).

"알라는 남편에 관하여 그대에게 변론하고 알라께 호소한 그녀의 진술을 듣고 수락하사, 알라는 너희 둘 모두의 논쟁을 들으시니, 알라는 모든 것을 들으시고 보시는 도다."

A woman in the Quranic conception has the right to argue even with the Prophet of Islam himself. No one has the right to instruct her to be silent. She is under no obligation to consider her husband the one and only reference in matters of law and religion.

꾸란의 관점으로 본 여성은 선지자와도 논쟁할 권리를 갖고 있습니다. 누구도 그녀에게 조용히 할 것을 지시할 권리는 없습니다. 그녀는 법과 종교에 관해 논의할 대상으로 그녀의 남편만을 생각해야하는 의무는 없습니다.

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